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Topic of the Month - July- Keep exercise-induced asthma on the sidelines
If you find yourself huffing and puffing after exercise, it may be more than the signs of a good workout. But you're not alone. Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) affects millions of Americans, many of whom do not otherwise suffer from asthma. In fact, up to 20 percent of elite athletes suffer from EIA - including an estimated one in six competitors in this summer's Beijing Olympics. The affliction doesn't keep them from striving for the medals stand, nor must it stop you from enjoying your sport of choice. EIA occurs in people with airways that are overly sensitive to air temperature or humidity. During strenuous exercise, most people breathe through their mouths, bypassing the nose, where inhaled air is warmed and humidified. Pollen and pollutants in the air can also trigger EIA. Symptoms include coughing, wheezing and difficulty breathing shortly after completing exercise. EIA is most likely to occur in cold, dry environments, but can also be triggered in other situations. Some sports are better-suited for adults and children with EIA. Many asthmatics find swimming a good choice because of the warm, humid environment of the pool.  Participating in team sports and individual activities that require short bursts of energy, such as softball, golf or recreational biking, are often better for EIA patients than those activities that demand extended exertion, such as basketball, soccer or long-distance running. Cold weather sports, such as hockey or cross-country skiing, are also more likely to trigger EIA. Still, children and adults with EIA don't have to miss out on the many health benefits of exercise and the joys of team sports and competition. With help from an allergist/immunologist, the condition can be successfully managed. Traditional asthma therapies, including use of inhaled medication prior to exercise, is often effective at controlling EIA. Some athletes also require medication after exercise if symptoms of EIA occur. The medication, which is effective for up to six hours, can often be administered to students before school, allowing them to participate in physical education classes and recess. Children participating in summer sports should follow directions from their allergist/immunologist to avoid asthma symptoms during practices or games. Parents should inform the child's coach of the symptoms of EIA and provide instructions for proper treatment. Extra precautions should be taken on days with high temperatures or ozone levels. Check weather reports from local television news and newspapers for pollution levels.  Elite athletes vs. EIA Ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitric oxide and other pollutants are asthmagenic - meaning exposure can inflame the airways of sensitive people and even cause an asthma attack. Beijing's air is dirtied by high concentrations of these pollutants, though the city has reported it is taking measures to clean up the air quality ahead of the August games. As with other athletes, prescription asthma medications, including controller and rescue medication, are effective for controlling and treating EIA among Olympic competitors. However, due to anti-doping regulations which restrict the use of many asthma medications at the Olympic Games, athletes must undergo extra screening and approval processes before being allowed to use the medications. Advice for all athletes
An allergist/immunologist is the best-qualified medical professional to diagnose and treat exercise-induced asthma. To locate an allergist/immunologist near you, visit the AAAAI physician referral directory. Additional Resources This topic was reviewed on 7/1/2008 by Stuart Friedman, MD, FAAAAI, Patients & Consumers Web Editor. |
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